The impact of AI technology on ideation is complex because the nature of AI is dynamic, like ideation itself. But also contradictory, as cursory observation or casual conversation in design settings, both in education and professional practice reveals. For example, given the vast size of data sets and processing power, AI models suggest outcomes of high certainty whereas what they actually produce are calculated (statistical) probabilities based on algorithms (lists of instructions). In contrast, ideation is not about probability or certainty but coming up with suggestions or propositions, which are not fixed. But when AI models are being used for ideation, their outcomes depend on how apt users are at prompting the model and this calls for reflective questioning and interpreting ambiguity and unique circumstances. This suggests that combing human agency, including traits such as critical thinking, intentional action, judgement and empathy with AI systems increases design possibility. That is, designers can explore new forms using traditional modelling software with AI features while keeping human oversight and control of the final results. In other words, analog and digital worlds co-exist because they supplement and enhance each other.
